RS-Virus​

Getting to Know RS Virus: Symptoms, Prevention, and Care

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are prevalent, particularly during winter months. While adults and older children usually experience mild symptoms, infants, especially newborns or premature babies, are susceptible to severe complications such as breathing difficulties. Let’s delve into the specifics of RSV, its symptoms, preventive measures, and appropriate care.

Understanding RS Virus

RSV, an abbreviation for respiratory syncytial virus, triggers infections commonly associated with cold symptoms in most people. However, discussions around RSV often focus on its impact on children, as infection in infants can lead to severe respiratory issues.

Recognizing Symptoms of RSV Infection

RSV infections typically manifest with symptoms akin to a common cold, including:

  • Runny nose (snuva)
  • Cough
  • Mild fever (around 38-38.5 degrees Celsius)
  • Irritated and red eyes

While adults and older children typically experience mild symptoms, infants are at risk of more troublesome manifestations:

  • Cough accompanied by wheezing and heavy breathing
  • Presence of thick mucus in the nose and trachea
  • Difficulty in eating and drinking
  • Occurrence of breathing pauses in children under one year

RSV prompts inflammation and thick mucus formation in airway mucous membranes, leading to nasal and tracheal blockages that hinder breathing. Due to smaller airways, infants are more susceptible to these blockages, especially since they predominantly breathe through their noses.

Self-Care Measures

Several self-care strategies can alleviate RSV symptoms:

  • Increase fluid and nutrition intake for infants through breastfeeding or milk substitutes, even if appetite diminishes. Offer smaller but frequent feedings.
  • Employ saline nasal drops and a nasal aspirator to dissolve and remove mucus, facilitating nasal breathing.
  • Elevate the head of the bed or let small children sleep in positions that keep their heads raised to reduce nasal congestion.
  • If needed, consider over-the-counter fever medications containing paracetamol or ibuprofen suitable for the child’s age and weight.

Risk Periods and Preventive Measures

RSV infections are most common during winter, with two types: A and B. Type A infections tend to cause more severe symptoms. During high-risk periods:

  • Minimize contact with individuals exhibiting cold symptoms.
  • Maintain frequent and thorough hand washing.
  • Encourage visitors to wash their hands.
  • Breastfeed for added respiratory infection protection.
  • Avoid close contact and kissing if you have a cold.
  • Reduce exposure to large groups of children, especially indoors.

Preventive treatment might be necessary for children in risk groups, such as premature infants or those with compromised immune, heart, or lung function. A doctor will assess the need for such treatment.

RSV Infection Treatment

Most cases of RSV infection can be managed at home with self-care. However, infants under two months and those in risk groups might require hospitalization. Treatment doesn’t cure the infection but focuses on easing breathing and providing additional nutrition and fluids.

When to Seek Medical Care

Seek emergency care by calling 112 if a child under six months experiences severe coughing, breathing difficulties, signs of dehydration, or persistent fever.

By understanding RSV, its symptoms, and the available preventive measures, caregivers can ensure early detection, effective management, and appropriate care for infants and young children susceptible to this common infection.